Electric Motors Types and Terms
Types of Electric Motors
- generate their magnetic field by an electromagnet
powered by the same AC voltage as the motor coil. It is dispersed in
single or three-phase forms with the ability for direction changes of
its current cycles.
- have built mechanical brushes that automatically commutate
coils on the rotor as the motor rotates. Brush-type motors are
more cost effective than brushless.
- allow commutation of the coils on the stator by
using an outside power drive without brushes.
- have adjustable speed and torque applications.
In a DC electric motor, there would be adjustable speed and torque along
with a rotor and a permanent magnetic field stator.
- are motors that convert electric energy into motion
using magnetism. Electric motors contrast engines because engines use
fuel and electric motors do not.
- consist
of a gear head and motor. Together they can reduce the speed of
the motor to the preferred RPM`s. (http://www.speed-reducers.org)
-
use electric current to generate rotation in the coils instead of delivering
the rotation directly. They acquire their torque from currents produced
in loops by a changing magnetic field in the field coils.
-
have motor magnets embedded into the rotor assembly. This design allows
them to align with the rotating magnetic field of the stator.
-
have shafts that do not rotate freely; the shafts move to a definite
angular location. They are often used for motion control in robots,
hard disc drives, etc.
-
are essentially electric motors without commutators. All of the commutation
handled externally by the motor controller can be stepped at audio frequencies,
allowing them to spin quite quickly and be started and stopped precisely
at controlled orientations.
-
can operate at a constant speed up to full load. They have a series
of three windings in the stator section with a rotating area; there
is no slip.
Electric Motor Terms
- Current whose flow can be changed. Alternating current is commonly
available in single and three forms.
- The space between
the rotor and stationary stator member in an electric motor.
- The meter-kilogram-second
unit of electric current that is equivalent to the steady current produced
by one volt applied across a resistance of one ohm.
- A part of the magnetic
structure of a motor that rotates in a DC or universal motor.
- The end that holds
the coupling or driving pulley. Also referred to as the drive end.
- Current conducting material
that guides current from the power supply to the armature windings.
- Converting an
electric current from direct current to alternating current. Can go both
ways.
- The segment of the stator
and rotor, usually iron, which is made up of cylindrical laminated electric
steel.
-
One complete reverse of flow of alternating current per rate of time.
- The duration and
relationship of operating and non-operating times or repeatable operation
at different loads.
- The housing or
frame of a motor in which there are two wide classifications: open and
totally closed.
- The part of the
motor housing that supports the bearing and acts as a protective guard
to the electrical and rotating parts inside the motor. Often referred
to as an "end bracket" or "end bell."
- A motor
usually built smaller than that having a continuous rating of one horsepower.
The frame size can categorize the motor as fractional also. (
http://www.fractionalhorsepowermotors.com)
- The end opposite
the coupling or driving pulley. Also referred to as the commutator end.
- A gearmotor part
that holds the gearing, which converts the basic motor speed to the rated
output speed.
- A function of torque
and rpm.
- A device used for
the positioning of a motor. These are adjustable screws fitted on the
base or motor frame.
- The burden forced on
a motor by the driven machine. Often stated as the torque required to
overcome the resistance of the machine it drives.
- A device that takes
electrical energy and converts it into mechanical energy to turn a shaft.
- A device that is effective
by a variation in the conditions of one electric circuit to affect the
operation of other devices in the same or another electric circuit.
- Made of stacked laminations,
it is the rotating component of an induction motor.
- Revolutions per minute.
The number of times per minute the shaft of the motor rotates.
- The rotating part of
the motor that protrudes past the bearings for attachment to the driven
equipment.
- In an AC induction
motor the stator is made of laminations with a large hole in the center
for rotor to turn and slots in the stator for the windings to be inserted.
- Force for turning provided
by a motor or gearmotor shaft. Often described in pounds.
- The difference of possibility
between two points in a conducting wire with a constant current of one
ampere.